Those errors mean that the required libraries are
not available on your system – as "static" libraries.
The "problem" with Linux is that every Linux distribution (and every
version of a distribution) is pretty much a
distinct operating system. They are all based on the Linux kernel, but they use different
versions of the Linux kernel and – even more important – they ship with different libraries (and different library
versions), they use different configurations, and they use different packing systems. This makes creating "binary" files that will run on every Linux-based system very hard, if not impossible. You probably will have to discard that idea.
For this reasons, Linux software is almost always distributed either as
source code with a
Makefile
(often together with a
configure
script), so that everybody can build the software from sources on (and for) their own specific system; or as
distribution-specific "binary" packages that run on the specific distribution (and specific
version of the distribution) that they were made for, but
not anywhere else!
For example, if you decide that you want to support Debian (and derivatives)
only, you could distribute your software as
deb packages:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deb_(file_format)
Static linking
may be a solution for very simple programs, but as soon as you have a more complex program with a lot of library dependencies, this usually will lead to a dead end, because a lot of libraries simply are
not available (or
not supposed to be used) as "static" libraries. For example, the GNU C Library (glibc), which is the "standard" C library on most Linux distributions, does
not properly support static linking! You may be able to switch to a different C library, such as
musl libc, but that adds even more hassle to the build process.
https://musl.libc.org/about.html
One possible way to distribute your software as packages that work "out-of-the-box" on pretty much all Linux-based systems is
Flatpak:
https://flatpak.org/
…but, of course, the Flatpak runtime must still be installed. Usually via the distribution-specific package manager.
Snap has a similar concept to Flatpak, but it is mostly popular on Ubuntu:
https://snapcraft.io/about