It is defined, in C++, as being the size of a single addressable lump of memory. By definition, one byte. sizeof(char) will always be one.
However, the size of a byte (i.e. how many bits it contains) is not the same across all systems everywhere. Thanks to various parts of the C++ standard, a char in C++ must be at least 8 bits, but could be larger.
In the event that you are on some very unique hardware*, you can use CHAR_BIT defined in <climits> to know how many bits are in a char on your platform.