The term "Extended ASCII" is a bit imprecise. The ASCII standard was never extended. I think most of the time it refers to ISO 8859-1 or Windows-1252 but it could refer to any 8-bit character encoding that is compatible with ASCII.
Thanks @peter for correcting me, and funny story, all the links you gave are all visited. I do not know how I am gonna tackle this issue, but this may help.
In this link https://www.asciitable.com/ , the table labeled as" Extended ASCII Codes" is exactly what I have when I print all my 256, I think those are different from Windows-1252 and and iso 8859-1.
I think what you're discussing here is when running the program from the Windows Command Prompt (cmd.exe). If the output gets displayed inside an IDE it might perhaps work differently?