So many errors

When someone gets a long list of error messages my standard response is to start with the first one, fix it, recompile and repeat. You probably don't have as many real errors that you need to fix as is listed because often errors cause other errors. That's why you should start with the first so that you know it's a real error.

Last edited on Dec 23, 2021 at 8:34am

Dec 23, 2021 at 8:55am

I have these errors and I don't know how to fix

33 [Error] no match for 'operator==' (operand types are 'libro' and 'int')

73 [Error] no match for 'operator==' (operand types are 'libro' and 'int')

76 [Error] no match for 'operator<' (operand types are 'libro' and 'int')

77 [Error] invalid initialization of non-const reference of type 'libreria&' from an rvalue of type 'libreria*'

80 [Error] invalid initialization of non-const reference of type 'libreria&' from an rvalue of type 'libreria*'

Last edited on Dec 23, 2021 at 8:55am

Dec 23, 2021 at 9:17am

Yes, but do you expect comparing an object of type libro with an object of type int to work?

Dec 23, 2021 at 9:23am

it gives me the error even if I compare libro and libro

Dec 23, 2021 at 9:31am

The compiler doesn't know what comparing two libro objects is supposed to do. For that to work you would have to overload the comparison operators for the libro type.

Dec 23, 2021 at 9:44am

How can I overload?

Dec 23, 2021 at 9:45am

1
2
3

bool operator==(const libro& l1, const libro& l2) {
    return l1.nome == l2.nome && l1.anno == l2.anno;
}

If you want to compare libro with an int then you need to specify what the comparison means. An example could be:

1
2
3

bool operator==(const libro& l1, int i) {
    return l1.anno == i;
}

Dec 23, 2021 at 9:52am

And if you want to overload the other comparison operators !=, <, <=, > and >= (because you need them or for consistency) you do it in the same way (the expression need to be different of course).

Last edited on Dec 23, 2021 at 9:52am

Dec 23, 2021 at 9:53am

Thanks, in this instead

83 [Error] invalid initialization of non-const reference of type 'libreria&' from an rvalue of type 'libreria*'

Dec 23, 2021 at 9:57am

Remove the & in front of o when passing it to the Ricerca function.

1
2

return Ricerca(&o,m+1,d,y);
               ^

The & operator is used to get a pointer to the variable. The Ricerca function takes a reference (not a pointer) so then you should not use the & operator.

Last edited on Dec 23, 2021 at 10:06am

Dec 23, 2021 at 10:06am

With C++20 you don't need to define != - as that is derived from ==

Also, if the equality operator for the same type is defined as a member function then it can just be defaulted:

struct libro{
    string nome;
    int anno;

    bool operator==(const libro&) const = default;
};

Dec 23, 2021 at 10:10am

Also, if the equality operator for the same type is defined as a member function then it can just be defaulted

This assumes you want == to simply compare all the member variables using ==.

Last edited on Dec 23, 2021 at 10:10am

Dec 23, 2021 at 10:22am

It gives me this errors

8 [Warning] defaulted and deleted functions only available with -std=c++11 or -std=gnu++11
8 [Error] 'bool libro::operator==(const libro&) const' cannot be defaulted

Last edited on Dec 23, 2021 at 10:27am

Dec 23, 2021 at 10:39am

What version of C++ are you using? It looks like you're trying to compile as C++98??? What compiler are you using? Post your current code.

Dec 23, 2021 at 10:44am

5.11

Dec 23, 2021 at 11:04am

OK. v5.11 of which compiler? and post your current code as requested please.

Last edited on Dec 23, 2021 at 11:04am

Dec 23, 2021 at 11:06am

I use Dev-C++ 5.11 and this is the code

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

struct libro{
string nome;
int anno;
bool operator==(const libro&) const = default;
};

struct libreria{
libro L[100];
int n;
};

void Carica(libreria &o){
for (int i=0;i<o.n;i++){
cout<<"Inserisci nome libro: ";
cin>>o.L[i].nome;
cout<<"Inserisci anno libro: ";
cin>>o.L[i].anno;
}
}

void Mostra(libreria &o){
for (int i=0;i<o.n;i++){
cout<<"Nome del libro: "<<o.L[i].nome<<" ("<<o.L[i].anno<<")"<<endl;

}
}

void Elimina(libreria &o,int x){
for(int i=0;i<o.n;i++){
if(o.L[i]==x){
for(int j=i;j<o.n;j++){
libro b=o.L[j];
o.L[j]=o.L[j+1];
o.L[j+1]=b;
}
i--;
o.n--;
}
}

}

void Ordinamento(libreria &o){
bool scambio=true;
while((o.n>1)and(scambio=true)){
scambio=false;
int i=0;
while(i<o.n-1){
if(o.L[i].anno>o.L[i+1].anno){
libro y=o.L[i];
o.L[i]=o.L[i+1];
o.L[i+1]=y;
scambio=true;
}
else if((o.L[i].anno==o.L[i+1].anno)and(o.L[i].nome>o.L[i+1].nome)){
libro y=o.L[i];
o.L[i]=o.L[i+1];
o.L[i+1]=y;
scambio=true;
}
i--;
}
o.n--;
}
}

int Ricerca(libreria &o,int s,int d,int y){
if(s<d){
int m=(s+d)/2;
if(o.L[m]==y){
return m;
}
else if(o.L[m]<y){
return Ricerca(o,m+1,d,y);
}
else{
return Ricerca(o,s,m-1,y);
}
}
else{
return -1;
}
}

int main(){

libreria b;
cout<<"Numero di libri da inserire: ";
cin>>b.n;

Carica(b);

Ordinamento(b);

int x;
cout<<"Elemento da eliminare: ";
cin>>x;

Elimina(b,x);

int y;
cout<<"Elemento da ricercare: ";
cin>>y;

int n;
Ricerca(b,0,n,y);

Mostra(b);

return 0;
}

Dec 23, 2021 at 11:44am

Change your compiler! That only uses gcc 4.9.2 from 2014 which is 'only' c++11 compliant when used with the right parameters. With one exception, this compiles OK with VS2022:

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

struct libro {
	string nome;
	int anno;
	bool operator==(const libro&) const = default;
	bool operator==(int i) { return anno == i; }
	bool operator<(int i) { return anno < i; }
};

struct libreria {
	libro L[100];
	int n;
};

void Carica(libreria& o) {
	for (int i = 0; i < o.n; i++) {
		cout << "Inserisci nome libro: ";
		cin >> o.L[i].nome;
		cout << "Inserisci anno libro: ";
		cin >> o.L[i].anno;
	}
}

void Mostra(libreria& o) {
	for (int i = 0; i < o.n; i++) {
		cout << "Nome del libro: " << o.L[i].nome << " (" << o.L[i].anno << ")" << endl;
	}
}

void Elimina(libreria& o, int x) {
	for (int i = 0; i < o.n; i++) {
		if (o.L[i] == x) {
			for (int j = i; j < o.n; j++) {
				libro b = o.L[j];
				o.L[j] = o.L[j + 1];
				o.L[j + 1] = b;
			}
			i--;
			o.n--;
		}
	}

}

void Ordinamento(libreria& o) {
	bool scambio = true;
	while ((o.n > 1) and (scambio == true)) {
		scambio = false;
		int i = 0;
		while (i < o.n - 1) {
			if (o.L[i].anno > o.L[i + 1].anno) {
				libro y = o.L[i];
				o.L[i] = o.L[i + 1];
				o.L[i + 1] = y;
				scambio = true;
			} else if ((o.L[i].anno == o.L[i + 1].anno) and (o.L[i].nome > o.L[i + 1].nome)) {
				libro y = o.L[i];
				o.L[i] = o.L[i + 1];
				o.L[i + 1] = y;
				scambio = true;
			}
			i--;
		}
		o.n--;
	}
}

int Ricerca(libreria& o, int s, int d, int y) {
	if (s < d) {
		int m = (s + d) / 2;
		if (o.L[m] == y) {
			return m;
		} else if (o.L[m] < y) {
			return Ricerca(o, m + 1, d, y);
		} else {
			return Ricerca(o, s, m - 1, y);
		}
	} else {
		return -1;
	}
}

int main() {

	libreria b;
	cout << "Numero di libri da inserire: ";
	cin >> b.n;

	Carica(b);

	Ordinamento(b);

	int x;
	cout << "Elemento da eliminare: ";
	cin >> x;

	Elimina(b, x);

	int y;
	cout << "Elemento da ricercare: ";
	cin >> y;

	int n;
	Ricerca(b, 0, n, y);

	Mostra(b);

	return 0;
}

Edit & run on cpp.sh

The remaining issue is that L107 uses n which is defined at L106 but not initialised before its' usage!

Last edited on Dec 23, 2021 at 11:50am

Dec 23, 2021 at 1:14pm