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Starting with C++ and Tic Tac Toe

astivers1503 (19)
I just started at a university CS program and the first language requirement is C++. So I thought that I would try to create a program with everything that I've learned so far and improve it as I learn new things. This way I can hold on to the stuff I know and use the things that I'm learning. I thought that a Tic Tac Toe game would be easy enough but the win conditions have me a bit stumped. I've gone through about a third of the C++ book so my knowledge is limited to the various loops and if statements available as well as functions and arrays. I haven't learned about classes yet, but classes and pointers are next week. So, I am hoping the knowledge on these forums can lend a hand. What I have so far is rudimentary and crude but it works. I'm using functions to display the game board, clear the board, and check for a full board condition. I'm using two parallel, 2D arrays, one for visuals so the players can see the the X or O token on the board and the other for all the condition computing underneath. Please try to remember that I'm using only what I know to get the job done so my processes may be a little under developed. The visual array is a char array to simply display an X, O, or a blank space. The second array in an int array and is initialized with all zeros to start and "1" for X and "-1" for every O.
My thought in this was that when checking for a win condition you could use the players row and column input to add up the three subscripts to either 3 or -3 and determine a win. I'm able to drag through a function and brute force my way through about 9 if statements for X tokens and another 9 for O. I'm wondering is my thought train on this is even in the right direction. I'll post the code that I have to far. Thanks in advance for any help in the right direction. 


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//THIS IS THE WIN CONDITION FUNCTION SO FAR.

  bool playerWinCondition(int parBoard[][3],int row, int first, int second, string token);
{
    if (token == player1)
        int sum = 3;
    if (first - 1 == 0)
        for (int total, index = 0; index < 3; index++)
        {
            total += parBoard[first - 1][index];
            if (total == sum)
                winCondition = true;
        }
    if (first - 1 == 1)
        for (int total, index = 0; index < 3; index++)
        {
            total += parBoard[first - 1][index];
            if (total == sum)
                winCondition = true;
        }
    if (first - 1 == 2)
        for (int total, index = 0; index < 3; index++)
        {
            total += parBoard[first - 1][index];
            if (total == sum)
                winCondition = true;
        }
    if (second - 1 == 0)
        for (int total, index = 0; index < 3; index++)
        {
            total += parBoard[index][second - 1];
            if (total == sum)
                winCondition = true;
        }
    if (second - 1 == 0)
        for (int total, index = 0; index < 3; index++)
        {
            total += parBoard[index][second - 1];
            if (total == sum)
                winCondition = true;
        }
    if (second - 1 == 0)
        for (int total, index = 0; index < 3; index++)
        {
            total += parBoard[index][second - 1];
            if (total == sum)
                winCondition = true;
        }
    if (first-1 == second -1)
        for (int total, index = 0; index < 3; index++)
        {
            total += parBoard[first-1][index];
            if (total == sum)
                winCondition = true;




//AND THIS IS THE MAIN GAME FUNCTION SO FAR




//Main game loop, Condition is wins per player.
    do
    {
        //First 'for' loop, player one's turn.
        for(int index = 0;index < 1; )
        {
            bool makeMove = false;
            while(!makeMove)
            {
            cout << "\n";
            cout << " " << player1 << endl;
            cout << "\n";
            cout << " Enter ROW #. ";
            cin >> first;
            cin.clear();
            cout << " Enter COLUMN #. ";
            cin >> second;
            cin.clear();
            cout << "\n";
            cout << "\n";
            cout << "\n";
            cout << "\n";

                //If statement to check if space chosen is already used.
                if(parBoard[first - 1][second - 1] == 1 || parBoard[first - 1][second - 1] == -1)
                {
                    cout << " That space is already taken,\n";
                    cout << " Please choose another.\n";
                }
                else
                {
                    //Place X token on visual game board.
                    gameBoard[first - 1][second - 1] = 'X';
                    //Place '1' placeholder integer on parallel game board.
                    parBoard[first - 1][second - 1] = 1;
                    index++;
                    makeMove = true;
                }//End of If statement.
            }//End while(makeMove) loop.
        }//End of player 1 first 'for' loop.

        //Print visual game board after player one makes move.
        printGameBoard(gameBoard, row);
        //Check if the game board is full and there are no more moves to make.
        full = boardFull(parBoard, row);
        //When the board is full a draw is declared and a new game is started.
         if (full)
        {
            cout << "\n";
            cout << " ITS A DRAW!!" << endl;
            cout << " LETS START A NEW GAME" << endl;
            cout << " Press ENTER to continue. ";
            cin.ignore();
            cin.get();

            //Clear the game board after a draw is declared.
            clearGameBoard(gameBoard, row);
            //Clear the parallel game array after a draw is declared.
            clearGameBoard(parBoard, row);
            //Print cleared game board.
            printGameBoard(gameBoard, row);

            continue;
        }

        //Second 'for' loop, player two's turn.
        for(int index = 0;index < 1; )
        {
            bool makeMove = false;
            while(!makeMove)
            {
            cout << "\n";
            cout << " " << player2 << endl;
            cout << "\n";
            cout << " Enter ROW #. ";
            cin >> first;
            cin.clear();
            cout << " Enter COLUMN #. ";
            cin >> second;
            cin.clear();
            cout << "\n";
            cout << "\n";

                //If statement to check if space chosen is already used.
                if(parBoard[first - 1][second - 1] == 1 || parBoard[first - 1][second - 1] == -1)
                {
                    cout << " That space is already taken,\n";
                    cout << " Please choose another.\n";
                }
                else
                {
                    //Place O token on visual game board.
                    gameBoard[first - 1][second - 1] = 'O';
                    //Place '-1' placeholder integer on parallel game board.
                    parBoard[first - 1][second - 1] = -1;
                    index++;
                    makeMove = true;
                }//End of If statement.
            }//End while(makeMove) loop.
        }//End of player 1 first 'for' loop.

        //Print visual game board after player two makes move.
        printGameBoard(gameBoard, row);

    } while(p1win < 3 || p2win < 3);
JLBorges (13770)
> The second array in an int array and is initialized with all zeros to start and "1" for X and "-1" for every O.
> My thought in this was that when checking for a win condition you could use the players row and column input
> to add up the three subscripts to either 3 or -3 and determine a win.

Yes, that is the right idea; one that can be implemented succinctly and elegantly:

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#include <cstdlib> // for int std::abs(int)

// initialized with all zeros to start, +1 for X and -1 for O.
const std::size_t N = 3 ;
typedef int par_board[N][N] ; // each cell contains 1 for 'X', -1 for 'O', and zero for empty

int row_sum( const par_board& board, std::size_t row ) { return board[row][0] + board[row][1] + board[row][2] ; }

int col_sum( const par_board& board, std::size_t col ) { return board[0][col] + board[1][col] + board[2][col] ; }

// if a row, col or diagonal sum adds up to 3 or -3, (ie. the absolute value of the sum is three) it is a win situation
bool player_win_condition( const par_board& board )
{
    for( std::size_t row = 0 ; row < N ; ++row ) if( std::abs( row_sum( board, row ) ) == 3 ) return true ;
    for( std::size_t col = 0 ; col < N ; ++col ) if( std::abs( col_sum( board, col ) ) == 3 ) return true ;

    if( std::abs( board[0][0] + board[1][1] + board[2][2] ) == 3 ) return true ; // diagonal 1
    if( std::abs( board[0][2] + board[1][1] + board[2][0] ) == 3 ) return true ; // diagonal 2

    return false ; // no win
}
Stalker (77)
Here is my code for Tic Tac Toe:

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#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

//Function Prototypes
void Display_Board(char[], string, string);
bool Rater(char[], int&, int&);

int main()
{
	//Variables Definition
	int score1, score2, count1, count2;
	string Player1, Player2;
	//Dynamic Memory Allocation
	char *again = new char;
	int *board = new int;
	//Array for game board
	char Board_array[10] = { '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9'};
	cout << "\t\t\tWelcome to Tic Tac Toe" << endl << endl << endl;
	//Prompts for user names
	cout << "Player 1 enter your name" << endl;
	getline(cin, Player1);
	cout << endl;
	cout << "Player 2 enter your name" << endl;
	getline(cin, Player2);
	//Resets the score
	score1 = 0;
	score2 = 0;
	do
	{
		//Clears the screen
		system("cls");
		//Displays the game board
		Display_Board(Board_array, Player1, Player2);
		//Resets the number of board markers
		count1 = 0;
		count2 = 0;
		//Loop for a game
		while ((count1 + count2) != 9)
		{
			cout << endl << endl;
			//Prompts the user for input
			cout << Player1 << "'s turn: ";
			cin >> *board;
			//Input Validation
			if (Board_array[(*board) - 1] == 'X' || Board_array[(*board) - 1] == '0')
				*board = 20;
			while (!(*board > 0 && *board < 10))
			{
				cout << "ERROR! Please enter a valid field from 1 - 9" << endl;
				cin >> *board;
				if (Board_array[(*board) - 1] == 'X' || Board_array[(*board) - 1] == '0')
					*board = 20;
			}
			//Places 'X' on player's desired location
			Board_array[(*board) - 1] = 'X';
			//Clears the screen
			system("cls");
			//Displays the board for Player 2
			Display_Board(Board_array, Player1, Player2);
			count1++;
			cout << endl << endl;
			//Rates the input of user if required
			if (Rater(Board_array, score1, score2))
			{
				cout << Player1 << " wins Congratulation!" << endl << endl;
				break;
			}
			else if ((count1)+(count2) == 9)
				break;
			cout << endl << endl;
			//Prompts the user for input
			cout << Player2 << "'s turn: ";
			cin >> *board;
			//Input Validation
			if (Board_array[(*board) - 1] == 'X' || Board_array[(*board) - 1] == '0')
				*board = 20;
			while (!(*board > 0 && *board < 10))
			{
				cout << "ERROR! Please enter a valid field from 1 - 9" << endl;
				cin >> *board;
				if (Board_array[(*board) - 1] == 'X' || Board_array[(*board) - 1] == '0')
					*board = 20;
			}
			//Places '0' on player's desired location
			Board_array[(*board) - 1] = '0';
			count2++;
			//Clears the screen
			system("cls");
			//Displays the game board for Player 2
			Display_Board(Board_array, Player1, Player2);
			cout << endl << endl;
			if (Rater(Board_array, score1, score2))
			{
				cout << Player2 << " wins Congatulation!" << endl << endl;
				break;
			}
			else if ((count1) + (count2) == 9)
				break;
		}
		cout << "Do you want to play again Y/N : ";
		cin >> *again;
		while (!((*again == 'Y' || *again == 'y') || (*again == 'N' || *again == 'n')))
		{
			cout << "ERROR! Please enter a valid answer" << endl;
			cin >> *again;
		}
		Board_array[0] = '1';
		Board_array[1] = '2';
		Board_array[2] = '3';
		Board_array[3] = '4';
		Board_array[4] = '5';
		Board_array[5] = '6';
		Board_array[6] = '7';
		Board_array[7] = '8';
		Board_array[8] = '9';
	} while (*again == 'Y' || *again == 'y');
	delete again, board;
	cout << endl << endl;
	if (score1 > score2)
		cout << Player1 << " wins with " << score1 << " wins" << " against " << Player2 << " with " << score2 << " wins" << endl;
	else if (score1 < score2)
		cout << Player2 << " wins with " << score2 << " wins" << " against " << Player1 << " with " << score1 << " wins" << endl;
	else
		cout << "The match was a tie with both players scoring " << score1 << endl;
	cin.get();
	return 0;
}

void Display_Board(char array[], string name1, string name2)
{
	cout << setw(10) << "|" << setw(10) << "|" << endl;
	cout << setw(5) << array[0] << setw(5) << "|" << setw(5) << array[1] << setw(5) << "|" << setw(5) << array[2] << endl;
	cout << setw(10) << "|" << setw(10) << "|" << endl;
	cout << "------------------------------" << endl;
	cout << setw(10) << "|" << setw(10) << "|" << endl;
	cout << setw(5) << array[3] << setw(5) << "|" << setw(5) << array[4] << setw(5) << "|" << setw(5) << array[5] << endl;
	cout << setw(10) << "|" << setw(10) << "|" << endl;
	cout << "------------------------------" << endl;
	cout << setw(10) << "|" << setw(10) << "|" << endl;
	cout << setw(5) << array[6] << setw(5) << "|" << setw(5) << array[7] << setw(5) << "|" << setw(5) << array[8] << endl;
	cout << setw(10) << "|" << setw(10) << "|" << endl;
	cout << endl << endl << endl;
	cout << name1 << ": X\n" << name2 << ": 0" << endl;
}

bool Rater(char array[], int &score1, int &score2)
{
	//Horizontal test cases
	if ((array[0] == 'X' && array[1] == 'X') && array[2] == 'X')
		score1++;
	else if ((array[0] == '0' && array[1] == '0') && array[2] == '0')
		score2++;
	else if ((array[3] == 'X' && array[4] == 'X') && array[5] == 'X')
		score1++;
	else if ((array[3] == '0' && array[4] == '0') && array[5] == '0')
		score2++;
	else if ((array[6] == 'X' && array[7] == 'X') && array[8] == 'X')
		score1++;
	else if ((array[6] == '0' && array[7] == '0') && array[8] == '0')
		score2++;
	//Vertical test cases
	else if ((array[0] == 'X' && array[3] == 'X') && array[6] == 'X')
		score1++;
	else if ((array[0] == '0' && array[3] == '0') && array[6] == '0')
		score2++;
	else if ((array[1] == 'X' && array[4] == 'X') && array[7] == 'X')
		score1++;
	else if ((array[1] == '0' && array[4] == '0') && array[7] == '0')
		score2++;
	else if ((array[2] == 'X' && array[5] == 'X') && array[8] == 'X')
		score1++;
	else if ((array[2] == '0' && array[5] == '0') && array[8] == '0')
		score2++;
	//Diagonal Test Cases
	else if ((array[0] == 'X' && array[4] == 'X') && array[8] == 'X')
		score1++;
	else if ((array[0] == '0' && array[4] == '0') && array[8] == '0')
		score2++;
	else if ((array[2] == 'X' && array[4] == 'X') && array[6] == 'X')
		score1++;
	else if ((array[2] == '0' && array[4] == '0') && array[6] == '0')
		score2++;
	else
		return false;
	return true;
}
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