I misunderstood your question... You just need to put std::cout << "/" after the user input.
Misunderstood again... lol I can't actually see a way of making a program do what you want. If I type '3' it can't put a slash in case I'm about to put a '0' or '1' after the 3... But if my birthday is just on the third, how can the program know?
ncurses or similar library offers character-based "graphical" UI features, so it could allow an "edit box", where the user can move cursor/focus to and enter text, maybe even validate that it is an integer in valid range.
Regular ANSI terminal control codes could possibly backtrack the newline too, in order to return the cursor into desired position before output of slash character.