I'm sorry to report that it is... you. (Sorry :-P)
Your compiler is missing some components. On Linux I presume you are using GCC?
Just installing gcc-core is not enough. You must also install
- glibc-devel
- gcc-c++ (if you are using C++)
- kernel-headers
- gnu-binutils (or gcc-binutils, whatever it is named)
- any other development packages that your project depends on (for example, if you use NCurses, make sure to sudo apt-get ncurses-dev --the normal user version of a package is not enough)