are shell commands separate programs?

Nov 9, 2017 at 8:09pm
So i've been learning about shells
and i was wondering:
in dos (and whatever the shell in linux is called) are the commands (cd, makedir, del, pwd, etc) actually separate programs that are executed or are they just commands that are build in to the shell?

I'm mainly asking this because i'm thinking about trying to build my own shell and it would be nice if i could just copy the executables from dos, so i wouldn't have to implement it myself
Last edited on Nov 9, 2017 at 8:12pm
Nov 9, 2017 at 8:32pm
Run where <command>. If the tool reports "INFO: Could not find files for the given pattern(s)." then the command is not a program.

From the ones you listed, cd, makedir, and del are not programs. pwd is a program. where is also a program.
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