Now when I want to access that array, I have the following:
ptrSomeStruct->structArray[someIndex];
But now I want to pass structArray to this function by reference so that it can adjust the array as needed and I can continue to use the array back in my caller function:
The type of object you want to pass into the function is an array of integers, or a pointer to an integer. It's perfectly legal to have a reference to a pointer, so your function prototype would be:
void adjustArray(int*& someArray) {}
Yeah, the mixture of * and & symbols looks a bit messy, but it's perfectly fine.