My first Game - Snake

[zwA4jE8b]

This is my first attempt at a game.

It is a classic, snake.

If anyone has any pointers or constructive criticism that would be much appreciated. If so, please keep it relatively simple. I do not want to rewrite the entire game, yet.

Some things I need to add...
-Splash screen w/ control info.
-Remove Sleep() and replace with maybe iterative loop?

When game starts press any key to begin.

Keys:
w s a d - Movement
x - Quit

Objects:
@ - Food
X - Obstacle

//Michael Ervin - Snake game
//Inspiration and some structural design from http://www.simonhuggins.com/courses/cbasics/course_notes/snake.htm

#include <conio.h>
#include <vector>
#include <Windows.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <ctime>
#include <fstream>

struct _coordinates
{
	int _x;
	int _y;
};

HANDLE _handle;

int _level, _score, _highscore, _numfood, _numobstacle, _speed;
const int _rows = 30, _columns = 80;
char _grid[_rows][_columns];
const char _right = 'd', _left = 'a', _up = 'w', _down = 's';
SMALL_RECT _size = {0, 0, 79, 32};
COORD _pos = {0,0};
_CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO _cinfo = {100, false};

//Snake object
struct snake
{
	int _length, _foodeaten;
	bool _deadsnake;
	char _direction;
	std::vector<_coordinates*> snake_pos;

	snake(int _level):_length(4*_level), _direction(_right), _foodeaten(0), _deadsnake(false) {init_snake();}
	void init_snake() 
	{
		for(int i = 0; i < _length; i++)
		{
			_coordinates* _new = new _coordinates;
			_new->_x = 40 - i;
			_new->_y = 16;
			snake_pos.push_back(_new);
		}
	};
	void next_pos()
	{
		int i;
		_old._x = snake_pos[_length - 1]->_x;
		_old._y = snake_pos[_length - 1]->_y;
		
		switch (_direction)
		{
		case _right:
			for(i = _length - 1; i >= 1; i--)
				*snake_pos[i] = *snake_pos[i - 1];
			snake_pos[0]->_x += 1;
			break;
		case _left:
			for(i = _length - 1; i > 0; i--)
				*snake_pos[i] = *snake_pos[i - 1];
			snake_pos[0]->_x -= 1;
			break;
		case _up:
			for(i = _length - 1; i > 0; i--)
				*snake_pos[i] = *snake_pos[i - 1];
			snake_pos[0]->_y -= 1;
			break;
		case _down:
			for(i = _length - 1; i > 0; i--)
				*snake_pos[i] = *snake_pos[i - 1];
			snake_pos[0]->_y += 1;
			break;
		}
	}
	void draw_snake()
	{
		int i;
		
		if (!_deadsnake)
			SetConsoleTextAttribute(_handle, FOREGROUND_BLUE | FOREGROUND_INTENSITY);
		else
			SetConsoleTextAttribute(_handle, FOREGROUND_RED);

		for(i = 0; i < _length; i++)
		{
			_pos.X = snake_pos[i]->_x; _pos.Y = snake_pos[i]->_y;
			SetConsoleCursorPosition(_handle, _pos);
			_putch('O');
		}
		_pos.X = _old._x; _pos.Y = _old._y;
		SetConsoleCursorPosition(_handle, _pos);
		_putch(' ');
	}
	void add_seg()
	{
		_coordinates* _new = new _coordinates;
		*_new = *snake_pos.back();
		snake_pos.push_back(_new);
		_length++;
	}
private:
	_coordinates _old;
};

void init_lvl(snake&);
void update_info();
char collision(snake&);
bool self_collision(snake&);
void dead_snake(snake&);
void end_game();
void read_score();
void write_score();

int main()
{
	_handle = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
	SetConsoleWindowInfo(_handle, true, &_size);
	SetConsoleCursorInfo(_handle, &_cinfo);
	srand(time(0));

	char _input = '\0';

	_level = 1;
	_score = 0;
	_speed = 250;
	read_score();
	snake _snake1(_level);
	init_lvl(_snake1);

	//Main game loop
	while (_input != 'x')
	{
		if (_kbhit())
		{
			_input = _getch();
			if (_input == _up || _input == _down || _input == _right || _input == _left)
				_snake1._direction = _input;
		}
		
		_snake1.next_pos();
		_input = collision(_snake1);
		_snake1.draw_snake();
		if (_snake1._foodeaten == _numfood)
		{
			_level++;
			_snake1._foodeaten = 0;
			init_lvl(_snake1);
		}
		Sleep(_speed);
	}
	end_game();
	return 0;
}

void init_lvl(snake& _sn0)
{
	int i, j;
	_coordinates _stuff;
	_numfood = _level * 5;
	_numobstacle = _level * 4;
	_speed-= 25;

	SetConsoleTextAttribute(_handle, FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_INTENSITY);

	//Fill grid with blanks
	for(i = 0; i < _rows; i++)
		for(j = 0; j < _columns; j++)
			_grid[i][j] = ' ';
	
	//Fill grid with borders
	for(i = 1; i < _columns - 1; i++)
	{
		_grid[0][i] = '=';
		_grid[_rows-1][i] = '=';
	}
	for(i = 0; i < _rows; i++)
	{
		_grid[i][0] = '|';
		_grid[i][_columns - 1] = '|';
	}

	//Fill grid with food and obstacles
	for(i = 0; i < _numfood; i++)
	{
		_stuff._y = (rand()%(_rows - 2)) + 1;
		_stuff._x = (rand()%(_columns - 2)) + 1;
		_grid[_stuff._y][_stuff._x] = '@';
	}

	for(i = 0; i < _numfood; i++)
	{
		_stuff._y = (rand()%(_rows - 2)) + 1;
		_stuff._x = (rand()%(_columns - 2)) + 1;
		if (_grid[_stuff._y][_stuff._x] != ' ')
			i--;
		else
			_grid[_stuff._y][_stuff._x] = 'X';
	}

	//Draw grid
	for(i = 0; i < _rows; i++)
		for(j = 0; j < _columns; j++)
		{
			_pos.X = j; _pos.Y = i;
			SetConsoleCursorPosition(_handle, _pos);
			_putch(_grid[i][j]);
		}

	_pos.X = 3; _pos.Y = 31;
	SetConsoleCursorPosition(_handle, _pos);
	_cprintf("Level: ");

	_pos.X = 20; _pos.Y = 31;
	SetConsoleCursorPosition(_handle, _pos);
	_cprintf("Score: ");

	_pos.X = 40; _pos.Y = 31;
	SetConsoleCursorPosition(_handle, _pos);
	_cprintf("High Score: ");

	_sn0.draw_snake();
	update_info();

	while(!_kbhit()){}
}

void update_info()
{
	SetConsoleTextAttribute(_handle, FOREGROUND_BLUE | FOREGROUND_INTENSITY);
	//Show level
	_pos.X = 10; _pos.Y = 31;
	SetConsoleCursorPosition(_handle, _pos);
	_cprintf("%d", _level);

	//Show score
	_pos.X = 27; _pos.Y = 31;
	SetConsoleCursorPosition(_handle, _pos);
	_cprintf("%d", _score);

	//Show highscore
	_pos.X = 52; _pos.Y = 31;
	SetConsoleCursorPosition(_handle, _pos);
	_cprintf("%d", _highscore);
}

char collision(snake& _sn1)
{
	_coordinates _check = *_sn1.snake_pos[0];
	
	//Check for border collisions
	//Check self collisions
	//Check food collisions
	//Check obstacle collisions
	if (_grid[_check._y][_check._x] == '=' || _grid[_check._y][_check._x] == '|' || _grid[_check._y][_check._x] == 'X' || self_collision(_sn1))
	{
		_sn1._deadsnake = true;
		update_info();
		return 'x';
	}
	else if (_grid[_check._y][_check._x] == '@')
	{
		_sn1.add_seg();
		_sn1._foodeaten++;
		_score += 5;
		update_info();
	}
}

bool self_collision(snake& _sn2)
{
	bool _temp = false;
	for(int i = 1; i < _sn2._length - 1; i++)
		if (_sn2.snake_pos[0]->_x == _sn2.snake_pos[i]->_x && _sn2.snake_pos[0]->_y == _sn2.snake_pos[i]->_y)
			_temp = true;
	return _temp;
}

//End of game procedure - check if highscore
void end_game()
{
	if (_score > _highscore)
		write_score();
	_pos.X = (_columns / 2) - 4; _pos.Y = (_rows / 2);
	SetConsoleTextAttribute(_handle, FOREGROUND_GREEN);
	SetConsoleCursorPosition(_handle, _pos);
	_cprintf("GAME OVER");
	while(!_kbhit()){}
}

//Write highscore to file
void write_score()
{
	std::ofstream _outf("highscore.sco");
	_outf << _score;
	_outf.close();
}

//Read in highscore
void read_score()
{
	std::ifstream _inf("highscore.sco");
	if (_inf.is_open())
		_inf >> _highscore;
	else
		_highscore = 0;
	_inf.close();
}

[m4ster r0shi]

Cool. Way better than my first snake game.

[creekist]

very nice

[Disch]

console? =(

[zwA4jE8b]

thanks creekist.

come on disch. I said it was my first game.
Besides now that I understand the structure and flow, converting to a graphical game will be much easier.

[Disch]

come on disch. I said it was my first game.

I didn't say it was bad. I'm just sad it's console is all.