threading

what is the use of threading we can do it by simply by calling the function so why we need thread function .can you tell me the right answer plz.
2-In semaphore we are using a unsigned integer which is kernel provide so that we can do synchronization so why we are not using a simple integer variable to perform synchronization.
Thanx
Threading is used when you can/need to run difference pieces of code concurrently.

Unsigned Int because that way you can guarantee the number isn't negative. Although I don't use semaphores personally, I prefer to use a Mutex for locking code and Barriers for Sync.
And if you need to have a very high performance as in a tree search in chess for example, it can make a slight difference in speed.
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