Help needed in Snake code

[Ahmad Shoaib]

I want a little help in Snakes game , I have written its code as shown below but I want to modify this code using Structures , please help me I will be grateful.

# include <iostream>
# include <cstdlib>
# include <string>
# include <Windows.h>
# include <ctime>
# include <cstdio>
# include <conio.h>

using namespace std;

bool Array[24][79] = {false};
int HeadX = 0;
int HeadY = 0;
int TailX = 0;
int TailY = 0;
int direction = 1;
int SnakeXCoordinates[200]={0};
int SnakeYCoordinates[200]={0};
int SnakeSize=0;

bool egg = false;
int eggX = 0;
int eggY = 0;
int Score = 0;

void GotoXY(int x, int y)
{
COORD coord;
coord.X = x; coord.Y = y;
SetConsoleCursorPosition(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), coord);
return;
}

void Clear_Box(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2)
{
GotoXY(10,2);
cout << "Score: " << Score << " a : Left d : right w : up x : down" << endl;

int x,y;
for (y=y1+1;y<y2;y++)
{
for (x=x1+1;x<x2;x++)
{
GotoXY(x,y);
cout.put(' ');
cout.flush();
}
}
}
void Make_Box()
{
GotoXY(0,0);
int j=4;
for (int i=5; i <= 75;i++)
{
GotoXY(i,j);
cout.put((char) 205);
cout.flush();
}

j=22;
for (int i=5; i <= 75;i++)
{
GotoXY(i,j);
cout.put((char) 205);
cout.flush();
}

int i=5;
for (j=4; j <= 22;j++)
{
GotoXY(i,j);
cout.put((char) 186);
cout.flush();
}

i=75;
for (j=4; j <= 22;j++)
{
GotoXY(i,j);
cout.put((char) 186);
cout.flush();
}
return;
}
void Initialize_Snake()
{
Score = 0;
egg = false;
int x,y;
for (y=0;y<24;y++)
for (x=0;x<79;x++)
Array[y][x]=false;

Array[10][50] = true;
Array[10][51] = true;
Array[10][52] = true;
TailX = 50;
TailY = 10;
HeadX = 52;
HeadY = 10;
direction = 1;

SnakeSize=3;
SnakeXCoordinates[0]=50;
SnakeXCoordinates[1]=51;
SnakeXCoordinates[2]=52;
SnakeYCoordinates[0]=10;
SnakeYCoordinates[1]=10;
SnakeYCoordinates[2]=10;
}
void Key_Pressed()
{
char ch;
if ( kbhit() )
{
ch = getch();
if ( (ch == 'd') && (direction != 1 ) && (direction != 3) )
{
direction = 1;

}
else if ( (ch == 'a') && (direction != 1 ) && (direction != 3) )
{
direction = 3;

}
if ( (ch == 'w') && (direction != 2 ) && (direction != 4) )
{
direction = 2;

}
if ( (ch == 'x') && (direction != 2 ) && (direction != 4) )
{
direction = 4;

}
if (ch == (char) 27) // Escape key to exit
exit(1);
}
}
void Update_Snake_Location()
{
Array[TailY][TailX] = false;
for (int i=0;i<SnakeSize-1;i++)
{
SnakeXCoordinates[i]= SnakeXCoordinates[i+1];
SnakeYCoordinates[i]= SnakeYCoordinates[i+1];
}

if (direction == 1)
HeadX++;
else if (direction == 2)
HeadY--;
else if (direction == 3)
HeadX--;
else
HeadY++;

SnakeXCoordinates[SnakeSize-1]=HeadX;
SnakeYCoordinates[SnakeSize-1]=HeadY;

TailX=SnakeXCoordinates[0];
TailY=SnakeYCoordinates[0];

Array[HeadY][HeadX] = true;

if (HeadX == eggX && HeadY == eggY)
{
SnakeSize++;
for (int i=SnakeSize-1;i>=1;i--)
{
SnakeXCoordinates[i]= SnakeXCoordinates[i-1];
SnakeYCoordinates[i]= SnakeYCoordinates[i-1];
}
Score = Score + 10;

GotoXY(10,2);
cout << " ";
cout.flush();
GotoXY(10,2);
cout << "Score: " << Score << " a : Left d : right w : up x : down" << endl;
Sleep(200);
egg = false;
}
}
void Display_Snake()
{
int x,y;
for (y=4;y<=22;y++)
{
for (x=5;x<=75;x++)
{
if (Array[y][x])
{
GotoXY(x,y);

if (x==TailX && y==TailY)
{
cout.put((char) 177);
cout.flush();
}
else if (x == HeadX && y ==HeadY)
{
cout.put((char) 178);
cout.flush();
}
else
{
cout.put((char) 219);
cout.flush();
}
}
}
}
}
void Check_Collision()
{
if (HeadX == 5 || HeadX == 75 || HeadY == 4 || HeadY == 22)
{
GotoXY(15,10);
cout << "The snake has hit the boundary" << endl;
GotoXY(10,15);
cout << "Want to play again, Press y key to continue, any other to exit" << endl;
char ch = getch();
if (ch == 'y')
{
Clear_Box(5,4,75,22);
Initialize_Snake();
return;
}
else
exit(1);
}

for (int i=0;i<SnakeSize-1;i++)
{
if (( SnakeXCoordinates[i] == HeadX ) &&
(SnakeYCoordinates[i] == HeadY ))
{
GotoXY(15,10);
cout << "The snake has hit itself" << endl;
GotoXY(10,15);
cout << "Want to play again, Press y key to continue, any other to exit" << endl;
char ch = getch();
if (ch == 'y')
{
Clear_Box(5,4,75,22);
Initialize_Snake();
return;
}
else
exit(1);
}
}

}
void Clear_from_Tail()
{
GotoXY(TailX,TailY);
cout.put(' ');
cout.flush();

}
void Create_Egg()
{
bool overlapping = false;
do
{
eggX = (rand()%66) + 7;
eggY = (rand()%15) + 6;
for (int i=0;i<SnakeSize;i++)
{
if (( SnakeXCoordinates[i] == eggX)&& (SnakeYCoordinates[i] == eggY ))
{
overlapping = true;
break;
}
}
} while (overlapping);
}
void Check_Egg_Update_Score()
{
if (!egg)
{
Create_Egg();
egg = true;
}
GotoXY(eggX,eggY);
cout.put( (char) 232 );
cout.flush();

}
int main()
{
srand( time(NULL));
system("color A0");
Initialize_Snake();
system("cls");
Make_Box();
Clear_Box(5,4,75,22);

for ( ; ; )
{
Display_Snake();
Key_Pressed();
Sleep(150);
Clear_from_Tail();
Update_Snake_Location();
Check_Collision();

Check_Egg_Update_Score();
}
return 0;
}

Regards ,
Ahmad Shoaib

[ui uiho]

system("cls");
system("color A0");
exit(1);
Sleep(200);

try to avoid these. there is a nice library called curses(ncurses or pdcurses) both are fine for this and do a great job for consul games.
and how many of those libraries are you actually using?

[Computergeek01]

The OP is also using "srand()" and "rand()" functions so they will have the stdlib included anyway. I agree with eliminating the "system()" calls but "exit()" is probably fine.

@ OP: How much do you know about OOP? Do you know how to take all of those global variables and make them into an object?

[Ahmad Shoaib]

No I haven't studied OP yet but I know well about structures so I want to convert this code into structures format , please help me I will be grateful .
Regards ,
Ahmad Shoaib

[Computergeek01]

I would suggest making a struct/class called "snake" and making head, tail and snake coordinates attributes of that struct.