Reading in a string with spaces

[beatboxboy1]

Greetings

I have written a program that is to read in data from a file.

One line of input appears like:
item# itemname: qnt price safe
00456 base balls 16 3.42 10

Everything works with one exception.
I created an infile stream but dont know how to store a 20 character itemname such as "base balls" as a string since there is a space in the itemname. All item names are 20 cahracters including spaces. (If I delete spaces in the input file my code works as desired)

I have looked at get() and getline(), but have failed in my attempts to use these...I have also tried making a character array but cannot figure out how to read this in from the file and then save it as a string.

Any help would be appreciated I've been at this for four hours.

[Zhuge]

Show us your failed attempts and we might be able to help you fix them.

[beatboxboy1]

Areas in bold are where I have been changing things...I have been saving over each new attempt. Sorry there is so much code...




#include <iomanip>
#include <fstream>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

ifstream infile;
ofstream outfile;




/* Function Prototypes: */

void multiply(float &product,int amount,float cost);
/* multiply finds the float value of amount multiplied by cost and passes it back */

void header();
/* header provides the header line for the output table(s). */

void percent(float &stockpercent,float value,float total_inventory);
/* percent calculates the stock percent given a value compared to total */

void border();
/* border places a line when called to add to aesthetics of the output */

void printout(int a,char b[20],int c,float d,float e,float f,string g);
/* printout prints the columns of the table and works within a counted loop in
* program */

void printchar(char ary[20]);
/* printchar prints out a 20 character array one character at a time */


/* Functions */

void multiply(float &product,int amount,float cost)
{ product=amount*cost;
return;
}
/************************************************************************************************/
void percent(float &stockpercent,float value,float total_inventory)
{ stockpercent=100*value/total_inventory;
return;
}

void header()
{ outfile<<left<<setw(6)<<"Item"<<" ";
outfile<<setw(20)<<"Item"<<" ";
outfile<<setw(6)<<"# in"<<" ";
outfile<<setw(6)<<"Item"<<" ";
outfile<<setw(8)<<"Stock"<<" ";
outfile<<setw(7)<<"% Total"<<" ";
outfile<<setw(8)<<"Re-order"<<" "<<endl;

outfile<<left<<setw(6)<<"#"<<" ";
outfile<<setw(20)<<"Name"<<" ";
outfile<<setw(6)<<"Stock"<<" ";
outfile<<setw(6)<<"Price"<<" ";
outfile<<setw(8)<<"Value"<<" ";
outfile<<setw(7)<<"Stock"<<" ";
outfile<<setw(8)<<"Flag"<<" "<<endl;

outfile<<"***************************************************************************"<<endl;
return;
}

void border()
{ outfile<<"___________________________________________________________________________"<<endl;
}

void printout(int a,char b[20], int c,
float d, float e, float f, string g)
{ outfile<<left<<setw(6)<<a<<" ";
printchar(b);
outfile<<setw(6)<<c<<" ";
outfile<<setw(6)<<fixed<<setprecision(2)<<d<<" ";
outfile<<setw(8)<<fixed<<setprecision(2)<<e<<" ";
outfile<<setw(7)<<fixed<<setprecision(3)<<f<<" ";
outfile<<setw(8)<<g<<endl;
return;
}


void printchar(char ary[20])
{ for(int a=0;a<20;a++)
{outfile<<ary[a];
}
return;
}




/* Main Function */
int main ()
{ infile.open("invt2.txt");
outfile.open("inventory2.out");

/* Create structures to handle input and output data */
struct intable
{ char item[20];
int item_num;
int item_qnt;
float item_price;
int safe_stock;
};

struct outtable
{ int item_number;
char item_name[20];
int quantity;
float price;
float stock_value;
float stock_percent;
string flag;
};

/* Create input and output arrays of proper structure above */
typedef intable Array_in[100];
typedef outtable Array_out[100];

Array_in input;
Array_out output;

/* loop with primer to fill input variable array*/
int count=0;
infile.getline(input[count].item,20);
infile>>input[count].item_num;
infile>>input[count].item_qnt;
infile>>input[count].item_price;
infile>>input[count].safe_stock;

while(!infile.eof())
{ count=count+1;
infile.getline(input[count].item,20);
infile>>input[count].item_num;
infile>>input[count].item_qnt;
infile>>input[count].item_price;
infile>>input[count].safe_stock;
}

/* Bubble sort by item number */
for(int j=0;j<count;j++)
{ for(int i=0;i<count-1;i++)
{ if(input[i].item_num > input[i+1].item_num)
{ intable temp;
temp=input[i];
input[i]=input[i+1];
input[i+1]=temp;
}
}
}

/* copy values from input to output array */
for(int i=0;i<count;i++)
{ output[i].item_number=input[i].item_num;
for(int j=0;j<20;j++)
{ output[i].item_name[j]=input[i].item[j];
}
output[i].quantity=input[i].item_qnt;
output[i].price=input[i].item_price;
}

/* Identify items to be flagged as understock */
for(int i=0;i<count;i++)
{ if(input[i].item_qnt < input[i].safe_stock)
{ output[i].flag="FLAG";
}
else
{ output[i].flag=" ";
}
}

/* Multiply quantity * price to calculate stock for each */
for(int i=0;i<count;i++)
{ multiply(output[i].stock_value,output[i].quantity,output[i].price);
}

/* Sum total store stock */
float total_stockval;
total_stockval=0.0;
for(int i=0;i<count;i++)
{ total_stockval=total_stockval+output[i].stock_value;
}

/* Calculate Stock Percentages */
for(int i=0;i<count;i++)
{ percent(output[i].stock_percent,output[i].stock_value,total_stockval);
}
/* Printed Output */
outfile<<"Store Inventory Report:"<<endl<<endl;
header();
for(int i=0;i<count;i++)
{ printout(output[i].item_number,output[i].item_name,output[i].quantity,output[i].price,
output[i].stock_value,output[i].stock_percent,output[i].flag);
}
border();

/* Summary data report - Total Stock Value */
outfile<<endl<<"Total Stock Value: "<<fixed<<setprecision(2)<<total_stockval<<endl;
border();

/* Resort data by highest Stock percent */
for(int j=0;j<count;j++)
{ for(int i=0;i<count;i++)
{ if(output[i].stock_percent < output[i+1].stock_percent)
{ outtable temp2;
temp2=output[i];
output[i]=output[i+1];
output[i+1]=temp2;
}
}
}

/* Summary Data - Highest Invetory Valued Stock Percentage */
outfile<<endl<<"The highest Inventory-valued item comprises "<<fixed<<setprecision(3)
<<output[0].stock_percent<<"% of Inventory Value."<<endl<<endl;

header();
for(int i=0;i<1;i++)
{ printout(output[i].item_number,output[i].item_name,output[i].quantity,output[i].price,
output[i].stock_value,output[i].stock_percent,output[i].flag);
}
border();

/* Summary Data - Highest 3 Inventory Stocks Compbined Percentage */
float three_stock;
three_stock=output[0].stock_percent+output[1].stock_percent+output[2].stock_percent;
outfile<<endl<<"The 3 highest Inventory-valued items comprise "<<fixed<<setprecision(3)
<<three_stock<<"% of Inventory Value."<<endl<<endl;

header();
for(int i=0;i<3;i++)
{ printout(output[i].item_number,output[i].item_name,output[i].quantity,output[i].price,
output[i].stock_value,output[i].stock_percent,output[i].flag);
}
border();

/* Close filestreams */
infile.close();
outfile.close();
return 0;
}

[hamsterman]

What kind of logic can be used to tell if it's a two word name ? If there was a ':' after it, it would be easier to tell. Now you can only check that there are two words. The thing to use is that int i; file >> i; will fail if there is a string in the stream.
Reading that line could look like

file >> first_number;
std::string name;
file >> name;
while( ! file >> another_number ){//repeat until a number is found
   file.clear();//clear error flags
   std::string part_name;
   file >> part_name;//read another word
   name += " " + part_name;//append it to the name.
}