operator=

[Duthomhas]

This is why I stick the ampersand ('&') to the end of the type name, like this:

    int& a reference to an integer
    const string& a reference to a non-modifiable string
    ostream& a reference to an output stream

Hence, when you have ostream& operator << ( ostream& outs, const foo& f ), the thing returned from the function is a reference to an output stream. (Unless you are doing something tricky, it ought to be the same as the argument.) Notice also how the second argument is const.

struct point
  {
  int x, y;
  point( int x = 0, int y = 0 ): x( x ), y( y ) { }
  };

ostream& operator << ( ostream& outs, const point& p )
  {
  outs << "(" << p.x << ", " << p.y << ")";
  return outs;
  }

Hope this helps.

[chipp]

yeah, and i found somethin' strange in my tutorial sometimes it use:

class Rational {
//...
Rational(const Rational& rational);

//between this code and...
Rational operator=(const Rational& rational);

//this one...
bool operator==(const Rational &number) const;
bool operator!=(const Rational &number) const;

i don't know what's the different...

i see you're using the member definition of the struct, is it common use of struct? just the same with class?

[Duthomhas]

struct and class are the same, only struct has public scope by default, and class defaults to private.

[chipp]

all right, thanks bro...