map with predicate

I saw that it is possible to define a map with a predicate to be used in way to order the elements within it. I've tried to do so following the scarce info I've found on how to but without success. Can someone post an example? Also, about pairs, I tried making predicates for algorithms such as remove_copy_if, partition, etc, using map<char,int> and vector<pair<char, int> > but it's not working! I believe for the same reason it failed on maps: pairs. Anybody knows of a sit explaining how to use pairs?
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