Problem with strings and characters

[sengab]

Hi guys,

How can I convert a string into a sequence of characters. I know that I can use char str[]="hello world" for example, however in my case my string is a changing variable. In my problem I read the first column from a text file and then store in a vector of strings, then I want to convert these strings into a sequence of characters. I have attached part of my code and I dont know how to proceed. As you can see I store the first column of my text file into a vector of strings. Now I want to change that vector of strings into a sequence of characters. Any I ideas how to do it. A little bit more information. The strings stored in a vector does not have the same length.

Thanks,


#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <math.h>
#include <string>
#include <stdio.h>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
string id;
double x,y,z;

vector<string>cntnumber;
ifstream sengab;
sengab.open("/Users/ahmedsengab/Downloads/CNT_Location_200_200.txt");
if (!sengab){cout<<"unable to open file"<<endl;exit(1);}
int i=0;
while(!sengab.eof())
{
sengab>>id>>x>>y>>z;
cntnumber.push_back(id);
cout<<cntnumber[i]<<""<<endl;
i++;
}
}
/

[48T7M4Gy]

convert a string into a sequence of characters

A string IS a sequence of characters whether its a c-style string char mystring[] = "string";or a string object std::string someString; as defined in #include<string>

The variability of string length is much easier to handle and less error-prone using std::strings

[sengab]

Sorry I dont get what you mean. Can you post an example of what you mean

[48T7M4Gy]

http://www.cplusplus.com/doc/tutorial/ntcs/

[Naughty Albatross]

> I want to convert these strings into a sequence of characters

Is it what you meant :

 // After reading file
string bigString;

for (std::vector<string>::iterator it = cntnumber.begin() ; it != cntnumber.end(); ++it)
  bigString += *it;

cout << bigString << endl;

[Naughty Albatross]

Or :

 // After reading file
string bigString;

for (std::vector<string>::iterator it = cntnumber.begin() ; it != cntnumber.end(); ++it)
for (string::iterator it2 =it->begin(); it2 != it->end(); ++it2)
    bigString += *it2 + ", ";

cout << bigString << endl;

[sengab]

No this is is not what I mean. I want to break each string into character variables. For example, If my string is "text" I would like to store as x='t',y='e', z='x' and k='t'; What you wrote actually reprints the string that is stored in cntnumber vector. I want to break each string in that vector and store it in a character vector. For example vector<char> x for the first character, vector<char> y for the second character, vector<char> z for the third character,

[48T7M4Gy]

string start = "text";
char x = start[0];
char y = start[1];
char z = start[2];
char k = start[3];

OR, more to the point see and modify http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/vector/vector/at/

// vector::at
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

int main ()
{
  std::vector<char> myvector (10);   // 10 zero-initialized ints

  // assign some values:
  for (unsigned i=0; i<myvector.size(); i++)
    myvector.at(i)='*';

  std::cout << "myvector contains:";
  for (unsigned i=0; i<myvector.size(); i++)
    std::cout << ' ' << myvector.at(i);
  std::cout << '\n';

  return 0;
}

myvector contains: * * * * * * * * * *

[Chervil]

If my string is "text" I would like to store as x='t',y='e', z='x' and k='t';

You can simply use the array notation to access each individual character, no need to assign different variables.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

#include <iostream> #include <string> using namespace std; int main () { string s = "text"; cout << "The characters are:\n "; for (unsigned i = 0; i<s.size(); ++i) { cout << s[i] << "\n "; } }

The characters are: t e x t

I want to break each string in that vector and store it in a character vector.

If you really wanted to do that, it isn't hard. Though I'd consider it probably not necessary.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

#include <iostream> #include <string> #include <vector> using namespace std; int main () { string s = "text"; vector<char> vec(s.begin(), s.end()); cout << "The characters are:\n "; for (unsigned i = 0; i<vec.size(); ++i) { cout << vec[i] << "\n "; } }

The characters are: t e x t

[Chervil]

I want to break each string in that vector and store it in a character vector. For example vector<char> x for the first character, vector<char> y for the second character, vector<char> z for the third character,

Do you mean the char vector would contain the first letters of each of the strings, another vector would contain the second letters of each of the strings and so on? I'm not quite sure whether i understood.

[Naughty Albatross]

> For example vector<char> x for the first character, vector<char> y for the second character, vector<char> z for the third character

std::vector<string> xyzk(120, string());

for (std::vector<string>::iterator it = cntnumber.begin() ; it != cntnumber.end(); ++it) 
for(int i = 0; i < it-> length(); ++i) xyzk[i] += (char)((*it)[i]);

cout << "Sequences of characters : " << endl;
for(int i = 0; i < xyzk.size(); ++i)
    if(xyzk[i].length() > 0) cout << i << " : " << xyzk[i] << endl; 

Edit : Some logic errors fixed.

[Naughty Albatross]

Is it what you want? :)

[48T7M4Gy]

Poor bugger is flooded with alternatives.

[Naughty Albatross]

> Poor bugger is flooded with alternatives.
Do you mean mine? My solution is buggy?

Nevermind, I have already fixed it.

[48T7M4Gy]

No, I don't mean anybody's valuable contributions and I didn't read yours closely enough to say if its buggy or not. It will be interesting to see what happens with this large volume of info. Saturation perhaps. Who knows?

[sengab]

Thanks for the reply guys, but I think no one got what I meant. i Store my data in a string vector. I want to access the characters in the each string component of that vector. The problem with my string vector I can't use literals because my vector is large 2000 items. . I know how to access each string in my vector compoenent but I dont know how to convert it to an array of characters. If it is string literal i.e "" I can convert it easy but that is not the case. When I mentioned "text" it was an example. In my case my string vector has 2000 strings, they are not string literals. Lets say these are strings stored in my vector.

text
100009
kevin
nick.
etc.. till 2000 entries

Now how can you covert each string of these to characters so for examples
text -----would be 't','e','x','t'
10009 -----would be '1','0','0','0','9'
etc

[jlb]

Why do you need to convert a string to an array of characters?

By the way a string is basically an array of char. You can access each character of a string using array notation.

std:: string readFromFile = "text"; // Note you would replace "text" with the value read from your file.

std::cout << readFromFile[2] << std::endl;  // Should print 'x'.

[sengab]

I need these characters to operate on them.
this is does not work for std:: string readfromfile=cntnumber;
it is not possible.
it has to be equal to a string literal i.e std:: string readfromfile="cntnumber";

[Naughty Albatross]

> this is does not work for std:: string readfromfile=cntnumber;
it is not possible.

Then how about :
std:: string readfromfile=cntnumber[0];

[sengab]

perfect this actually works thanks a lot