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Missing bracket?

jesuisloup (16)
Compiler says that I'm missing a bracket somewhere after switch and I cannot identify it for the life of me. It's so frustrating. Please help..

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 #include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;




void getData(double exempts[3])
{
	char maritalStatus, answer, answer2;
	int childCount = 0, totalPerson = 0;
	double grossIncome, standardExempt, personalExempt, pension;



	cout << "What is your marital status? M = Married & S = Single : ";
	cin >> maritalStatus;
	cout << endl;

	switch (maritalStatus)

	{
	case 'm':
	case 'M':

	{

		cout << "Do both spouses earn income? [Y/N] : ";
		cin >> answer;
		cout << endl;

		if (answer == 'y' || answer == 'Y')
		{
			cout << "Enter the total income combined: ";
			cin >> grossIncome;
			cout << endl;
			cout << "How many children do you claim?";
			cin >> childCount;
			cout << endl;

		}

		if (answer == 'n' || answer == 'N')
		{

			cout << "Enter your salary: ";
			cin >> grossIncome;
			cout << endl;
			cout << "How many children do you claim?";
			cin >> childCount;
			cout << endl;


			standardExempt = grossIncome - 7000;
			exempts[0] = standardExempt;


			personalExempt = 1500 * totalPerson;
			exempts[1] = personalExempt;

			totalPerson = 2 + childCount;
			exempts[2] = totalPerson;

		}


	case 's':
	case 'S':
	{

		cout << "Please enter your salary: ";
		cin >> grossIncome;
		cout << endl;
		cout << "How many children do you claim? ";
		cin >> childCount;
		cout << endl;

		standardExempt = grossIncome - 7000;

		exempts[0] = standardExempt;


		personalExempt = 1500 * totalPerson;

		exempts[1] = personalExempt;


		totalPerson = 1 + childCount;

		exempts[2] = totalPerson;
	}
	}
	


		cout << "Would you like put up 6% in your pension? [Y/N] ";
		cin >> answer2;
		cout << endl;


		if (answer2 == 'y' || answer2 == 'Y')

		{
			pension = .06 * grossIncome;
			exempts[3] = pension;
		}

	}






double taxAmount(int totalPerson, double grossIncome, double personalExempt, double standardExempt, double pension)
{
	
	double taxableIncome, marginalIncome, marginTax, baseTax, totalTax;
	
	taxableIncome = grossIncome - (personalExempt + standardExempt + pension);


	if (taxableIncome <= 15000)
	{
		marginTax = .15 * taxableIncome;
		totalTax = marginTax + pension;
	}
	if (taxableIncome >= 15001 || taxableIncome <= 40000)
	{
		marginalIncome = taxableIncome - 15000;
		marginTax = .25 * taxableIncome;
		baseTax = 2250;
		totalTax = baseTax + marginTax + pension;
	}
	if (taxableIncome > 40000)
	{
		marginalIncome = taxableIncome - 40000;
		marginTax = .35 * taxableIncome;
		baseTax = 8460;
		totalTax = baseTax + marginTax + pension;
	}
	return(totalTax);
}

int main()
{
	double tax; 
	double grossIncome = 0.00, pension = 0.00, standardExempt = 0.00, personalExempt = 0.00, salary = 0.00;
	int totalPerson = 0;
	double exempts[3];
	
	
		getData(exempts);

		standardExempt = exempts[0];
		personalExempt = exempts[1];
		totalPerson = exempts[2];
		pension = exempts[3];

	

	tax = taxAmount(totalPerson, grossIncome, personalExempt, standardExempt, pension);

	cout << "From the information provided, your total taxes due is: $" << tax << endl; 
	


	return 0;
}
Yawzheek (120)
I believe line 65.
jesuisloup (16)
But wouldn't that close the switch ?
I need the switch to be open until after both cases.
jesuisloup (16)
Actually.. you're right.
I went back and studied that line.
Ahhh, thank you for your second set of eyes.
jesuisloup (16)
Now there's something wrong with the actual code.
Even if I choose 'M', it will run through 'S' as well.
And I can't get a valid tax answer at the end..

Can someone compile this and let me know what I need to correct.. 

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#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;




void getData(double exempts[3])
{
	char maritalStatus, answer, answer2;
	int childCount = 0, totalPerson = 0;
	double grossIncome, standardExempt, personalExempt, pension;



	cout << "What is your marital status? M = Married & S = Single : ";
	cin >> maritalStatus;
	cout << endl;

	switch (maritalStatus)

	{
	case 'm':
	case 'M':

	{

		cout << "Do both spouses earn income? [Y/N] : ";
		cin >> answer;
		cout << endl;

		if (answer == 'y' || answer == 'Y')
		{
			cout << "Enter the total income combined: ";
			cin >> grossIncome;
			cout << endl;
			cout << "How many children do you claim?";
			cin >> childCount;
			cout << endl;

		}

		if (answer == 'n' || answer == 'N')
		{

			cout << "Enter your salary: ";
			cin >> grossIncome;
			cout << endl;
			cout << "How many children do you claim?";
			cin >> childCount;
			cout << endl;


			standardExempt = grossIncome - 7000;
			exempts[0] = standardExempt;


			personalExempt = 1500 * totalPerson;
			exempts[1] = personalExempt;

			totalPerson = 2 + childCount;
			exempts[2] = totalPerson;

		}
	}

	case 's':
	case 'S':
	{

		cout << "Please enter your salary: ";
		cin >> grossIncome;
		cout << endl;
		cout << "How many children do you claim? ";
		cin >> childCount;
		cout << endl;

		standardExempt = grossIncome - 4000;

		exempts[0] = standardExempt;


		personalExempt = 1500 * totalPerson;

		exempts[1] = personalExempt;


		totalPerson = 1 + childCount;

		exempts[2] = totalPerson;
	}
	}
	


		cout << "Would you like put up 6% in your pension? [Y/N] ";
		cin >> answer2;
		cout << endl;


		if (answer2 == 'y' || answer2 == 'Y')

		{
			pension = .06 * grossIncome;
			exempts[3] = pension;
		}

	}






double taxAmount(int totalPerson, double grossIncome, double personalExempt, double standardExempt, double pension)
{
	
	double taxableIncome, totalTax;
	
	taxableIncome = grossIncome - (personalExempt + standardExempt + pension);


	if (taxableIncome <= 15000)
	{
		
		totalTax = (.15 * taxableIncome) + pension;
	}
	if (taxableIncome >= 15001 || taxableIncome <= 40000)
	{
		totalTax = (.25 * taxableIncome) + pension + 2250;
	}
	if (taxableIncome > 40000)
	{

		totalTax = (.35 * taxableIncome) + pension + 8460; 
	
	}
	return(totalTax);
}

int main()
{
	double tax; 
	double grossIncome = 0.00, pension = 0.00, standardExempt = 0.00, personalExempt = 0.00, salary = 0.00;
	int totalPerson = 0;
	double exempts[3];
	
	
		getData(exempts);

		standardExempt = exempts[0];
		personalExempt = exempts[1];
		totalPerson = exempts[2];
		pension = exempts[3];

	

	tax = taxAmount(totalPerson, grossIncome, personalExempt, standardExempt, pension);

	cout << "From the information provided, your total taxes due is: $" << tax << endl; 
	


	return 0;
}
Yawzheek (120)
Of course it runs through case 's' as well. You didn't insert a break after case 'm'. I just assumed you wanted it to run through the other case for some reason I wasn't aware of. Try this instead:

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void getData(double exempts[3])
{
	char maritalStatus, answer, answer2;
	int childCount = 0, totalPerson = 0;
	double grossIncome, standardExempt, personalExempt, pension;



	cout << "What is your marital status? M = Married & S = Single : ";
	cin >> maritalStatus;
	cout << endl;

	switch (maritalStatus)

	{
		case 'm':
		case 'M':
		{
			cout << "Do both spouses earn income? [Y/N] : ";
			cin >> answer;
			cout << endl;

			if (answer == 'y' || answer == 'Y')
			{
				cout << "Enter the total income combined: ";
				cin >> grossIncome;
				cout << endl;
				cout << "How many children do you claim?";
				cin >> childCount;
				cout << endl;
			}

			if (answer == 'n' || answer == 'N')
			{

				cout << "Enter your salary: ";
				cin >> grossIncome;
				cout << endl;
				cout << "How many children do you claim?";
				cin >> childCount;
				cout << endl;


				standardExempt = grossIncome - 7000;
				exempts[0] = standardExempt;


				personalExempt = 1500 * totalPerson;
				exempts[1] = personalExempt;

				totalPerson = 2 + childCount;
				exempts[2] = totalPerson;
			}
			break; //if you selected married, switch breaks off here
		}

		case 's':
		case 'S':
		{

			cout << "Please enter your salary: ";
			cin >> grossIncome;
			cout << endl;
			cout << "How many children do you claim? ";
			cin >> childCount;
			cout << endl;

			standardExempt = grossIncome - 4000;

			exempts[0] = standardExempt;


			personalExempt = 1500 * totalPerson;

			exempts[1] = personalExempt;


			totalPerson = 1 + childCount;

			exempts[2] = totalPerson;
		}
	} //switch ends here


	cout << "Would you like put up 6% in your pension? [Y/N] ";
	cin >> answer2;
	cout << endl;


	if (answer2 == 'y' || answer2 == 'Y')
	{
		pension = .06 * grossIncome;
		exempts[3] = pension;
	}
} //end of function
Last edited on
jesuisloup (16)
How could I forget the breaks... lol
Thank you.
jesuisloup (16)
do you know why I could be getting an answer in scientific notation ?
closed account (E0p9LyTq)
jesuisloup wrote:
do you know why I could be getting an answer in scientific notation ?

You are going out of bounds with your double exempts[3]; array. You declare it to have 3 elements and then access the 4th element in several places.

The array is NOT initialized when created and if you don't add to pension you use a garbage value (whatever was in the memory address).

pension = exempts[4] {}; should solve both problems
jesuisloup (16)
but I thought that it goes 0, 1, 2, 3 spaces?
closed account (E0p9LyTq)
jesuisloup wrote:
but I thought that it goes 0, 1, 2, 3 spaces?


double anArray[3] has 3 elements: anArray[0], anArray[1] and anArray[2].

anArray[3] is the 4th(!) element and is out of bounds!

http://www.cplusplus.com/doc/tutorial/arrays/
Last edited on
jesuisloup (16)
Okay, well I took out one of the unecessary arrays (totalPerson). So there's only 3 arrays now.
I needed one for gross Income instead. and i added [4] instead, but I get the same output.

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#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;




void getData(double exempts[4])
{
	char maritalStatus, answer, answer2;
	double childCount = 0, totalPerson = 0;
	double grossIncome, standardExempt, personalExempt, pension;



	cout << "What is your marital status? M = Married & S = Single : ";
	cin >> maritalStatus;
	cout << endl;

	switch (maritalStatus)

	{
	case 'm':
	case 'M':

	{

		cout << "Do both spouses earn income? [Y/N] : ";
		cin >> answer;
		cout << endl;

		if (answer == 'y' || answer == 'Y')
		{
			cout << "Enter the total income combined: ";
			cin >> grossIncome;
			exempts[0] = grossIncome; 
			cout << endl;
			cout << "How many children do you claim?";
			cin >> childCount;
			cout << endl;

		}

		if (answer == 'n' || answer == 'N')
		{

			cout << "Enter your salary: ";
			cin >> grossIncome;
			exempts[0] = grossIncome; 
			cout << endl;
			cout << "How many children do you claim?";
			cin >> childCount;
			cout << endl;


			standardExempt = grossIncome - 7000;
			exempts[1] = standardExempt;

			totalPerson = 2 + childCount;
			personalExempt = 1500 * totalPerson;
			exempts[2] = personalExempt; 

			
			

		}
		break; 
	}

	case 's':
	case 'S':
	{

		cout << "Please enter your salary: ";
		cin >> grossIncome;
		exempts[0] = grossIncome;
		cout << endl;
		cout << "How many children do you claim? ";
		cin >> childCount;
		cout << endl;

		standardExempt = grossIncome - 4000;

		exempts[1] = standardExempt;

		totalPerson = 1 + childCount;
		personalExempt = 1500 * totalPerson;

		exempts[2] = personalExempt;


		

		
	}
	break; 
	}



	cout << "Would you like put up 6% in your pension? [Y/N] ";
	cin >> answer2;
	cout << endl;


	if (answer2 == 'y' || answer2 == 'Y')

	{
		pension = .06 * grossIncome;
		exempts[3] = pension;
	}


	if (answer2 == 'n' || answer == 'N')
	{
		pension = 0;
		exempts[3] = pension;
	}

}








double taxAmount(double grossIncome, double personalExempt, double standardExempt, double pension)
{

	double taxableIncome, totalTax;

	taxableIncome = grossIncome - (personalExempt + standardExempt + pension);


	if (taxableIncome <= 15000)
	{

		totalTax = (.15 * taxableIncome) + pension;
	}
	if (taxableIncome >= 15001 || taxableIncome <= 40000)
	{
		totalTax = (.25 * taxableIncome) + (pension + 2250);
	}
	if (taxableIncome > 40000)
	{

		totalTax = (.35 * taxableIncome) + (pension + 8460);

	}
	return(totalTax);
}

int main()
{
	double tax;
	double grossIncome = 0.00, pension = 0.00, standardExempt = 0.00, personalExempt = 0.00, salary = 0.00;
	int totalPerson = 0;
	double exempts[4];


	getData(exempts);
	grossIncome = exempts[0];
	standardExempt = exempts[1];
	personalExempt = exempts[2];
	pension = exempts[3];



	tax = taxAmount(grossIncome, personalExempt, standardExempt, pension);

	cout << "From the information provided, your total taxes due is: $"  << tax << endl;



	return 0;
}
closed account (E0p9LyTq)
jesuisloup wrote:
Okay, well I took out one of the unecessary arrays (totalPerson). So there's only 3 arrays now.
I needed one for gross Income instead. and i added [4] instead, but I get the same output.


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#include <iostream>
#include <cctype> // for toupper()

void getData(double taxData[]);
double taxAmount(double taxData[]);

int main()
{
   /* 
    * taxData[0] = grossIncome
    * taxData[1] = personal taxpayer deduction(s)
    * taxData[2] = standard deductions
    * taxData[3] = pension 
    */
   double taxData[4] {};

   getData(taxData);

   std::cout << "\nFrom the information provided, your total taxes due is: $" 
             << taxAmount(taxData) << "\n";
}


void getData(double taxData[])
{
   // there can be no negative number of people!
   using PEOPLE = unsigned short;

   PEOPLE totalPerson = 0;
   double grossIncome = 0.0;

   std::cout << "What is your marital status? M = Married & S = Single : ";
   char maritalStatus;
   std::cin >> maritalStatus;
   maritalStatus = toupper(maritalStatus);  // convert character to upper-case

   switch (maritalStatus)
   {
   case 'M':
      std::cout << "\nEnter the total combined income: ";
      std::cin >> grossIncome;

      taxData[1] = 7000;
      totalPerson = 2;

      break;

   case 'S':
      std::cout << "\nPlease enter your total income: ";
      std::cin >> grossIncome;

      taxData[1] = 4000;
      totalPerson = 1;

      break;
   }

   taxData[0] = grossIncome;
   taxData[2] = 1500 * totalPerson;

   std::cout << "\nHow many children do you claim? ";
   PEOPLE childCount = 0;
   std::cin >> childCount;

   totalPerson += childCount;

   std::cout << "\nWould you like put up 6% in your pension? [Y/N] ";
   char pensionStatus;
   std::cin >> pensionStatus;
   pensionStatus = toupper(pensionStatus);

   if (pensionStatus == 'Y')
   {
      taxData[3] = .06 * grossIncome;
   }
   else
   {
      taxData[3] = 0.0;
   }
}


double taxAmount(double taxData[])
{
   double grossIncome    = taxData[0];
   double personalExempt = taxData[1];
   double standardExempt = taxData[2];
   double pension        = taxData[3];
   double taxableIncome  = grossIncome - (personalExempt + standardExempt + pension);

   double totalTaxDue    = 0.0;

   if (taxableIncome <= 15000)
   {
      std::cout << "(taxableIncome <= 15000: " << taxableIncome << ")\n";
      totalTaxDue = (.15 * taxableIncome);
   }
   else if (taxableIncome <= 40000)
   {
      std::cout << "(taxableIncome > 15000 && <= 40000: " << taxableIncome << ")\n";
      totalTaxDue = (.25 * taxableIncome) + 2250;
   }
   else // if (taxableIncome > 40000)
   {
      std::cout << "(taxableIncome > 40000: " << taxableIncome << ")\n";
      totalTaxDue = (.35 * taxableIncome) + 8460;
   }

   return totalTaxDue;
}
jesuisloup (16)
just curiosity.
I see people place main in the 2 ways (on top or the bottom)
why is it your preference to have main on top and pass, instead of having functions at top and main on bottom ?
closed account (E0p9LyTq)
jesuisloup wrote:
just curiosity.
I see people place main in the 2 ways (on top or the bottom)
why is it your preference to have main on top and pass, instead of having functions at top and main on bottom ?


Why declare and define functions in separate places?

That way if I want I could split one HUUUUUGE .cpp file into separate .h/.cpp files, making it easier to edit functions separately from the driver (main) source. For example, with the source I posted here:

functions.h:
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#ifndef __FUNCTIONS_H__
#define __FUNCTIONS_H__

void getData(double taxData[]);
double taxAmount(double taxData[]);

#endif


functions.cpp:
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#include <iostream>
#include <cctype> // for toupper()

#include "functions.h"

void getData(double taxData[])
{
   // there can be no negative number of people!
   using PEOPLE = unsigned short;

   PEOPLE totalPerson = 0;
   double grossIncome = 0.0;

   std::cout << "What is your marital status? M = Married & S = Single : ";
   char maritalStatus;
   std::cin >> maritalStatus;
   maritalStatus = toupper(maritalStatus);  // convert character to upper-case

   switch (maritalStatus)
   {
   case 'M':
      std::cout << "\nEnter the total combined income: ";
      std::cin >> grossIncome;

      taxData[1] = 7000;
      totalPerson = 2;

      break;

   case 'S':
      std::cout << "\nPlease enter your total income: ";
      std::cin >> grossIncome;

      taxData[1] = 4000;
      totalPerson = 1;

      break;
   }

   taxData[0] = grossIncome;
   taxData[2] = 1500 * totalPerson;

   std::cout << "\nHow many children do you claim? ";
   PEOPLE childCount = 0;
   std::cin >> childCount;

   totalPerson += childCount;

   std::cout << "\nWould you like put up 6% in your pension? [Y/N] ";
   char pensionStatus;
   std::cin >> pensionStatus;
   pensionStatus = toupper(pensionStatus);

   if (pensionStatus == 'Y')
   {
      taxData[3] = .06 * grossIncome;
   }
   else
   {
      taxData[3] = 0.0;
   }
}


double taxAmount(double taxData[])
{
   double grossIncome    = taxData[0];
   double personalExempt = taxData[1];
   double standardExempt = taxData[2];
   double pension        = taxData[3];
   double taxableIncome  = grossIncome - (personalExempt + standardExempt + pension);

   double totalTaxDue    = 0.0;

   if (taxableIncome <= 15000)
   {
      std::cout << "(taxableIncome <= 15000: " << taxableIncome << ")\n";
      totalTaxDue = (.15 * taxableIncome);
   }
   else if (taxableIncome <= 40000)
   {
      std::cout << "(taxableIncome > 15000 && <= 40000: " << taxableIncome << ")\n";
      totalTaxDue = (.25 * taxableIncome) + 2250;
   }
   else // if (taxableIncome > 40000)
   {
      std::cout << "(taxableIncome > 40000: " << taxableIncome << ")\n";
      totalTaxDue = (.35 * taxableIncome) + 8460;
   }

   return totalTaxDue;
}


main.cpp:
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#include <iostream>

#include "functions.h"

int main()
{
   /* 
   * taxData[0] = grossIncome
   * taxData[1] = personal taxpayer deduction(s)
   * taxData[2] = standard deductions
   * taxData[3] = pension 
   */
   double taxData[4] {};

   getData(taxData);

   std::cout << "\nFrom the information provided, your total taxes due is: $" 
      << taxAmount(taxData) << "\n";
}


Why create separate .h/.cpp files? In your original posting if you had the source split across separate files it would have been easier to locate where the compiler was complaining about a "missing }." (It would have been in the "functions.cpp" file)
Last edited on
jesuisloup (16)
ahhh, I see. Makes sense. It's just some people have preferences so I was just wondering of yours.

Thank you so much for your help though. I'm still new to programming so I don't always remember of all the ways I can do things. Tend to do things the long unnecessary way. haha.
closed account (E0p9LyTq)
jesuisloup wrote:
I don't always remember of all the ways I can do things. Tend to do things the long unnecessary way.


I'm still a novice myself, I constantly see code by more experienced people here that after reading it I end up thinking I should have known that way of doing things. ;)

Even the experienced programmers learn new and better ways of writing code.

Look carefully at lines 77, 82 and 87 in functions.cpp. Those are "testing" output lines I use. Makes it easier to troubleshoot logic errors when I am mashing new code. After the program does what I want I remove them.
Last edited on
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