Well, to store character we use
char
in C++. ;)
Jokes aside - everything you can learn may be useful. If you made it through basics of C++ - many tutorials end beginnings of C++ with polymorphism - you can start making games. If you don't know how to do something - then try to do it simplest way, and improve later. You may write your game a few times before you make it right, and then rewrite it again because you discovered it didn't fit your needs - but hey, it works this way. You can't learn without making - both games and mistakes. Remember - FEZ, really good game, was completly rewritten three times - and these guys weren't complete beginners.
I can give you some links that I gathered, related to gamedev. You may find them useful, you may not - but I hope that they'll help you.
Take a look at:
http://www.gamasutra.com/
http://www-cs-students.stanford.edu/~amitp/gameprog.html
http://gameprogrammingpatterns.com/index.html
http://gamedev.stackexchange.com/questions/854/what-are-good-games-to-earn-your-wings-with/1047#1047
http://www.3dbuzz.com/training/view/c-plus-plus-complete/intro-to-game-dev
http://www.sloperama.com/
http://www.holub.com/goodies/rules.html
These are either some pages that you may use as reference(sloper, game*patterns), some useful info, or generally useful sites.
Also, if you wish, after completing 3DBuzz's tutorial and experimenting a bit(or not finishing it, since it requires Windows - I'm running Linux), you may check this out:
http://codeumbra.eu/complete-roguelike-tutorial-using-c-and-libtcod-extra-1-about-editors-and-ide
That's nice tutorial, but it's using even nicer library for rougelikes.
Cheers!
PS. I agree with James. It doesn't matter if you use SDL or SFML, these two are most popular; I prefer SDL myself, but it's up to you.