Given two integers a and b, with b ≠ 0, there exist unique integers q and r such that a = bq + r and 0 ≤ r < |b|, where |b| denotes the absolute value of b.
Example: if a = 7 and b = 2, then q = 3 and r = 1, since 7 = 2 × 3 + 1.
The four integers that appear in this theorem have been given a name: a is called the dividend, b is called the divisor, q is called the quotient and r is called the remainder.