extern "C" is meant to be recognized by a C++ compiler and to notify the compiler that the noted function is (or to be) compiled in C style.
Take an example, if you are working on a C++ project but it also deals with some existing C functions/libraries.
You want to wrap them in a C++ module or compile them with other C++ objects without any C++ compiler errors, then you would declare the C function prototypes in an extern "C" block to notify the compiler that they would be compiled along with other C++ functions into one module.
For example:
my_C_CPP_Header.h:
#ifndef MY_C_CPP_HEADER
#define MY_C_CPP_HEADER
/*check if the compiler is of C++*/
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
int myOtherCfunc(int arg1, int arg2); /* a C function */
}
#endif
void myCppFunction1(); /* C++ function */
void myCppFunction2(); /* C++ function */
/*check if the compiler is of C++ */
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
#endif
Now all three functions are comiled into one module by C++ compiler.